1 Boring Old Man

Muhammad’s promise to Christians
Washington Post
By Muqtedar Khan
^{Director of Islamic Studies at the University of Delaware}
01/02/2010

Muslims and Christians together constitute over 50 percent of the world. If they lived in peace, we would be half way to world peace. One small step we can take towards fostering Muslim-Christian harmony is to tell and retell positive stories and abstain from mutual demonization. In this article I propose to remind both Muslims and Christians about a promise that Prophet Muhammed (pbuh) made to Christians. The knowledge of this promise can have enormous impact on Muslim conduct towards Christians. Muslims generally respect the precedent of their Prophet and try to practice it in their lives.

In 628 AD, a delegation from St. Catherine’s Monastery came to Prophet Muhammed and requested his protection. He responded by granting them a charter of rights, which I reproduce below in its entirety. St. Catherine’s Monastery is located at the foot of Mt. Sinai and is the world’s oldest monastery. It possess a huge collection of Christian manuscripts, second only to the Vatican, and is a world heritage site. It also boasts the oldest collection of Christian icons. It is a treasure house of Christian history that has remained safe for 1,400 years under Muslim protection.

The Promise to St. Catherine:

"This is a message from Muhammad ibn Abdullah, as a covenant to those who adopt Christianity, near and far, we are with them. Verily I, the servants, the helpers, and my followers defend them, because Christians are my citizens; and by Allah! I hold out against anything that displeases them. No compulsion is to be on them. Neither are their judges to be removed from their jobs nor their monks from their monasteries. No one is to destroy a house of their religion, to damage it, or to carry anything from it to the Muslims’ houses. Should anyone take any of these, he would spoil God’s covenant and disobey His Prophet. Verily, they are my allies and have my secure charter against all that they hate. No one is to force them to travel or to oblige them to fight. The Muslims are to fight for them. If a female Christian is married to a Muslim, it is not to take place without her approval. She is not to be prevented from visiting her church to pray. Their churches are to be respected. They are neither to be prevented from repairing them nor the sacredness of their covenants. No one of the nation (Muslims) is to disobey the covenant till the Last Day (end of the world)."

The first and the final sentence of the charter are critical. They make the promise eternal and universal. Muhammed asserts that Muslims are with Christians near and far, straight away rejecting any future attempts to limit the promise to St. Catherine alone. By ordering Muslims to obey it until the Day of Judgment the charter again undermines any future attempts to revoke the privileges. These rights are inalienable. Muhammed declared Christians, all of them, as his allies and he equated ill treatment of Christians with violating God’s covenant.

A remarkable aspect of the charter is that it imposes no conditions on Christians for enjoying its privileges. It is enough that they are Christians. They are not required to alter their beliefs, they do not have to make any payments and they do not have any obligations. This is a charter of rights without any duties! The document is not a modern human rights treaty, but even though it was penned in 628 A.D. it clearly protects the right to property, freedom of religion, freedom of work, and security of the person. I know most readers, must be thinking, So what? Well the answer is simple. Those who seek to foster discord among Muslims and Christians focus on issues that divide and emphasize areas of conflict. But when resources such as Muhammad’s promise to Christians is invoked and highlighted it builds bridges. It inspires Muslims to rise above communal intolerance and engenders good will in Christians who might be nursing fear of Islam or Muslims.

When I look at Islamic sources, I find in them unprecedented examples of religious tolerance and inclusiveness. They make me want to become a better person. I think the capacity to seek good and do good inheres in all of us. When we subdue this predisposition towards the good, we deny our fundamental humanity. In this holiday season, I hope all of us can find time to look for something positive and worthy of appreciation in the values, cultures and histories of other peoples.

Dr. Muqtedar Khan is Director of Islamic Studies at the University of Delaware and a fellow of the Institute for Social Policy and Understanding.

On our trip through Egypt and Jordan, we were almost daily told something or another about Islam – usually with the assumption that all of us [130 people] were Christians – a universal assumption made when we’ve traveled. And what we were told about Muslims mirrored what’s written here in the Washington Post. If Terrorism was mentioned, they were called "extremists." In a public school in Egypt, we saw a book about how terrorism wasn’t part of Islam – the guide said, "You have to teach them early."

In both countries, we were told the percentage Christian [Egypt 20%, Jordan 5%] and shown churches [usually empty]. When we asked about the women’s headcovering, Mary [yeah, that Mary] was always mentioned. "Have you ever seen a picture of Mary without a scarf?" "There’s a chapter about Mary in the Quran." Stories from the Hadith [teachings and actions of Mohamed] were told [decrying unkindness and killing]. "You’ve got to understand those parts about ‘infidels’ in context." And we believed that they mostly believed what they were saying. I still believe them.

I believe them like I believe my Christian friends when they tell me that the lunatic homophobic, creationist, abortion hating, Bush electing Fundamentalist Christians aren’t really Christians. They mean what they say, but they don’t really do anything. If religious people will not or cannot police their own religions, I want no part of religion. If the Muslims will not deal with murders among their ranks, Dr. Khan’s excellent words are lost on us. If the Christian Churches will not decry the Christian Right, who can listen to them? If the Jews cannot treat the Palestinians with kindness and compassion, who cares about the Torah? And if we, as Americans, cannot face up to [and admit] the awful mess we made by invading Iraq in search of oil, what good are the lofty words of our primary documents, our founder’s words, or our other good intentions? No religion or set of Principles can stand without accountability.

I accept that right-thinking Muslims cannot stop al Qaeda, that right-thinking Christians cannot quell the excesses of the Religious Right, that right-thinking Jews cannot quell the excesses of the Zionists, but they can do better than ignoring or disavowing. They can say, "I am ashamed of what was done in the name of Allah, Mohamed, Jesus, God, Yaweh. And they can talk to their "brothers" in faith endlessly about what’s hapenning. The courageous Nigerian who turned in his own radicalized son is my kind of Muslim and an example for us all…