{"id":4161,"date":"2010-06-10T00:15:10","date_gmt":"2010-06-10T04:15:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/?p=4161"},"modified":"2010-06-10T00:17:30","modified_gmt":"2010-06-10T04:17:30","slug":"breaking-free","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2010\/06\/10\/breaking-free\/","title":{"rendered":"breaking free&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<div align=\"justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"90\" hspace=\"4\" border=\"1\" align=\"right\" src=\"http:\/\/www.andyworthington.co.uk\/images\/zubaydah2.jpg\" \/>The slow emergence of our understanding about the Torture Program has been excruciating, particularly with respect to the now legendary Abu Zubaydah. He was captured on March 28th, 2002, almost a year before we invaded Iraq. When we first learned about him specifically, we didn&#8217;t know that stories about him were the ones we&#8217;d been hearing about as &quot;actionable intelligence.&quot; Abu Ghraib was revealed in 2004, but again, it was literally years before we knew of the Torture Memos, the torture programs, the black sites. Again, it was Abu Zubaydah that was the central case.<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\">Even after we knew about the torture we thought it was to get information about al Qaeda&#8217;s plans. It was relatively recently that we realized that a big motive in the torture program was to get some detainee to connect al Qaeda and Saddam Hussein to justify invading Iraq for oil and other reasons. And it was even later that we found out that there was a massive attempt to cover up what we had done back in that six months between Zubaydah&#8217;s capture and the September push for war with Iraq.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Now there&#8217;s an even more macabre discovery on our plate. The Memos written to justify torturing prisoners were written after the fact. Actually, Abu Zubaydah was used as a lab rat to try out torture techniques that were then fed back to the OLC Memo writers who used the data to formulate the Memos authorizing his torture. Everything about that six months turns out to have been absolutely an illusion, including Abu Zubaydah&#8217;s importance. He was a minor operative, a jihadist but not really part of al Qaeda.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"180\" border=\"1\" src=\"http:\/\/logicalscience.files.wordpress.com\/2009\/10\/899764_labrat3001236205298.jpg\" \/>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div align=\"justify\">People don&#8217;t have much interest in this story. I guess the Iraq debacle is something we&#8217;d rather not think about. Who wants to feel ashamed? Who wants to face the fact that we turned out to be the bad guys, that we sacrificed our young for no real reason, that our own government duped us &#8211; particularly if you were in favor of the officials who did it to us? Three people have stuck to this story tenaciously &#8211; <strong><font color=\"#006699\">emptywheel<\/font><\/strong>, <strong><font color=\"#200020\">Jeff Kaye<\/font><\/strong>, and <strong><font color=\"#200020\">Jason Leopold<\/font><\/strong>. There have been some great books along the way. But the developing story rarely makes the front page. There&#8217;s a Special Prosecutor looking into part of it and a few congressional reports of investigations pending. Everyone in the Executive Branch was involved &#8211; the President, the Vice President, the DoD, the DoJ, the CIA &#8211; everyone. One day, this story is going to be breaking free&#8230; <\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<div align=\"center\"><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubrecord.org\/torture\/5558\/smoking-torture-conspiracy-human\/\">Smoking Gun on CIA  Torture Conspiracy? <\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<div align=\"center\"><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pubrecord.org\/torture\/5558\/smoking-torture-conspiracy-human\/\">Human Experimentation Central to EIT Program<\/a><br \/>         The Public Record<\/strong><br \/>         By  Jeffrey  Kaye<br \/>         Sep 27th, 2009 <\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"60\" vspace=\"5\" hspace=\"4\" border=\"1\" align=\"left\" src=\"http:\/\/static1.firedoglake.com\/common\/images\/avatars\/6856.jpg\" \/>A close reading of the CIA&rsquo;s Inspector General Report and the Senate  Intelligence Committee&rsquo;s narrative on the Office of Legal Counsel [OLC] torture memos reveals a more detailed picture of the CIA&rsquo;s involvement  in the construction of those documents. What emerges is consistent with recent charges of CIA experimentation  on prisoners, and of the overall experimental quality of the torture  program itself.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">It also points to a crucial piece of &ldquo;analysis&rdquo; by the CIA&rsquo;s Office  of Technical Services, a memo which may or may not include damning  medical and psychological evidence of the damaging effects of SERE  techniques, and which the IG report maintains was utilized &ldquo;in  substantial part&rdquo; in the drafting of the August 1, 2002 Bybee memos. If  one is looking for a smoking gun in the torture scandal, in my opinion,  one doesn&rsquo;t have to look much further than this.<\/p>\n<div align=\"justify\">The quote below is from the April 22, 2009 <strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/intelligence.senate.gov\/pdfs\/olcopinion.pdf\">Senate  Intelligence Committee narrative<\/a><\/strong> of the Office of Legal Counsel&rsquo;s  opinions on the CIA&rsquo;s interrogation program&#8230;:<\/div>\n<ul>\n<div align=\"justify\"> <\/div>\n<div align=\"justify\"><sup>According to CIA records, because the CIA believed that Abu Zubaydah  was withholding imminent threat information during the initial  interrogation sessions, attorneys from the CIA&rsquo;s Office of General  Counsel met with the Attorney General, the National Security Adviser,  the Deputy National Security adviser, the Legal Adviser to the National  Security Council, and the Counsel to the President in mid-May 2002 to  discuss the possible use of alternative interrogation methods that  differed from the traditional methods used by the U.S. military and  intelligence community. At this meeting, the CIA proposed particular  alternative interrogation methods, including waterboarding. The CIA&rsquo;s Office of General Counsel subsequently asked OLC to prepare  an opinion about the legality of its proposed techniques. To enable OLC  to review the legality of the techniques, the CIA provided OLC with  written and oral descriptions of the proposed techniques. &gt;The  CIA also provided OLC with information about any medical and  psychological effects of DoD&rsquo;s Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape [SERE] School, which is a military training program during  which military personnel receive counter-interrogation training.<\/sup><\/div>\n<\/ul>\n<div align=\"justify\">While the fact that the OLC accepted at face value the CIA&rsquo;s  statements regarding the safety or the effects of the interrogation  procedures they were proposing is no surprise to anyone who has read the  torture memos &mdash; and evidence of the unprofessionalism and bias of the  memo&rsquo;s authors &mdash; the degree to which the conspiracy (by CIA or OLC, or  both) to withhold evidence of the real effects of the &ldquo;Enhanced  Interrogation Techniques&rdquo; [EITs] by the CIA has never been made more  concrete than now&#8230;<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<div align=\"center\"><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.truthout.org\/torture-diaries-drawings-and-special-prosecutor58108\">Torture  Diaries, Drawings and the Special Prosecutor<\/a><br \/>     t r u t h o u t<\/strong><br \/>     by: Jason Leopold<br \/>     29 March 2010<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"78\" hspace=\"4\" height=\"115\" border=\"1\" align=\"right\" src=\"http:\/\/t1.gstatic.com\/images?q=tbn:f2ZBh1hwlanyOM:http:\/\/www.eatcrow.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/jason.jpg\" \/>Attorneys defending Abu Zubaydah, a Guantanamo  prisoner designated as the first &quot;high-value&quot; detainee by the Bush  administration, have finally gained access to three volumes of diaries  he wrote while he was in the custody of the CIA and brutally tortured by  agency interrogators and contractors at a secret &quot;black site&quot; prison. The diaries, identified as volumes 7, 8 and 9, were  written between 2002 and 2006 and total a little more than 300 pages&#8230;<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">The diaries are crucial to the defense, said one of  Zubaydah&#8217;s attorneys, Brent Mickum, because they will reveal locations  of where Zubaydah was detained and identify people with whom he spoke,  contradicting previous government assertions that Zubaydah was connected  to and involved in the planning of terrorist plots against the United  States. Zubaydah began keeping a diary in 1992 after he suffered a  severe head injury while fighting communist insurgents in Afghanistan.  The injury left &quot;significantly impaired both his long- and short-term  memory,&quot; states a January 14, 2009, court motion filed by Mickum&#8230;<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">However, because the diaries are written in Arabic  and US District Court Judge Richard Roberts&#8217; ruling did not state that  the government was required to have the diaries translated, it is  unlikely the defense will learn what Zubaydah wrote about his torture  any time soon. A clerk who works for Roberts would not discuss any  aspect of the judge&#8217;s ruling&#8230;<\/p>\n<div align=\"justify\">&quot;The cost of translating these volumes is  exorbitant,&quot; Mickum said. &quot;I&#8217;m talking hundreds of thousands of dollars.  There is only one translator who has top-secret security clearance and  he is working on 30 other cases and goes to Guantanamo every week. It  would cost us about $1,300 for a six-hour day, a cost that does not  include travel expenses.&quot; Mickum said he received a $253,000 grant from the  JEHT Foundation that was used, in part, to help pay for the translations  of earlier volumes of Zubaydah&#8217;s diaries. However, Mickum could not  obtain additional funds from JEHT, a charity that backed juvenile and  criminal justice system reforms, because the organization had a majority  of its assets invested with Bernie Madoff, and was forced to shut down&#8230;<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong>The Special Prosecutor and Zubaydah&#8217;s  Drawings<\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Zubaydah was one of two high-value detainees whose  interrogations between April and August of 2002 were captured on 90  videotapes that the CIA destroyed in November 2005 as public attention  began focusing on allegations that the Bush administration had subjected  &quot;war on terror&quot; prisoners to brutal interrogations that crossed the  line into torture. The destruction of the videotapes has been the  subject of an ongoing investigation led by John Durham, a US attorney  from Connecticut, who was appointed special prosecutor in 2008 by former  Attorney General Michael Mukasey to probe whether crimes were committed  by CIA personnel and others in connection with the destruction of the  tapes.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">During a recent meeting with Durham, Mickum said he  learned that the special prosecutor had obtained drawings during the  course of his probe that Mickum believed were Zubaydah&#8217;s. In addition to  the diaries, Mickum had previously sought from the Justice Department  drawings Zubaydah made while in CIA custody. But the Justice Department  told Mickum they could not locate the drawings. &quot;When I met with John Durham I discovered he had  drawings, which, based on my review I believed were my client&#8217;s,&quot; Mickum  said. &quot;The drawings were ultimately produced to us in late 2009&quot;&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>     Mickum said in lieu of the torture tapes, the  drawings Zubaydah made contain the best description of the torture  techniques CIA interrogators used against Zubaydah while he was being  held at the agency&#8217;s black site prison facilities&#8230;          <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Mickum said he always contended the tapes showed  Zubaydah being subjected to torture methods &#8211; particularly waterboarding  &#8211; prior to the legal authorization issued by the Justice Department and  that was one of the primary reasons the CIA destroyed the videotapes. He said he&#8217;s discussed this, as well as other issues,  with Durham on at least four occasions. He described the special  prosecutor as &quot;professional&quot; and &quot;thoroughly engaged&quot;&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>     <strong>&quot;An Experiment&quot;<\/strong>     <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Mickum&#8217;s hunch appears to be correct. <strong><font color=\"#200020\">Several tapes  that were destroyed showed CIA interrogators using a combination of  brutal torture techniques against Zubaydah beginning in mid-April 2002,  four months before these techniques were legally authorized in the  notorious torture memos issued by OLC. Additionally, there were at least  three videotapes that showed Zubaydah being waterboarded in late May  and early June 2002.<\/font><\/strong> These sources, all of whom spoke on condition of  anonymity because details remain classified, said one of the main  reasons Zubaydah&#8217;s early torture sessions were videotaped was to gain  insight into his &quot;physical reaction&quot; to the techniques used against him,  which was then shared with officials at the CIA and the Justice  Department, who used that information to help draft the August 2002  torture memo stating what interrogation methods could be legally used,  how often the methods could be employed and how it should be  administered without crossing the line into torture&#8230;<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">&quot;I would describe it this way,&quot; said one former  National Security official. &quot;[Zubaydah] was an experiment. A guinea pig.  I&#8217;m sure you&#8217;ve heard that a lot. There were many enhanced  interrogation [methods] tested on him that have never been discussed  before we settled on the 10 [techniques]&quot;&#8230;<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">The Justice Department, in its factual return, has  since abandoned every major claim that the Bush administration made  about Zubaydah being a high-level al-Qaeda official and no longer  believes or contends that he was ever connected to the terrorist  organization or was involved in the planning of any terrorist plots,  according to Mickum. Separately, the Senate Intelligence Committee is  close to completing a yearlong review of the Bush administration&#8217;s  so-called &quot;enhanced interrogation&quot; program and may soon issue a report  that contains the most detailed information to date about Zubaydah,  which intelligence sources interviewed over the past two weeks said will  &quot;embarrass&quot; Bush administration officials who continue to maintain that  he was an important figure in al-Qaeda, and will debunk assertions from  the likes of Dick Cheney that his torture produced actionable  intelligence.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<div align=\"center\"><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.truthout.org\/human-experimentation-heart-bush-administrations-torture-program60199\">Human  Experimentation at the Heart of Bush Administration&#8217;s Torture Program<\/a><br \/>    t  r u t h o u t<br \/>    <\/strong>by:  Jason Leopold <br \/>    06 June 2010<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\" class=\"rteleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"129\" hspace=\"4\" height=\"97\" border=\"1\" align=\"left\" src=\"http:\/\/t0.gstatic.com\/images?q=tbn:Xt4IM_HByFhudM:http:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/I12UcHwUPaY\/0.jpg\" \/>High-value detainees captured during the Bush  administration&#8217;s &quot;war on terror,&quot; who were subjected to brutal torture  techniques, were used as &quot;guinea pigs&quot; to gauge the effectiveness of  various torture techniques, a practice that has raised troubling  comparisons to Nazi-era human experimentation. according to a disturbing  new report released by <strong>Physicians for Human Rights<\/strong>, an international  doctors&#8217; organization&#8230;<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" class=\"rteleft\">&quot;Health professionals working for and on behalf of  the CIA monitored the  interrogations of detainees, collected and  analyzed the results of  [the] interrogations, and sought to derive  generalizable inferences to  be applied to subsequent interrogations,&quot;  said the <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/phrtorturepapers.org\/?dl_id=9\" target=\"_blank\">27-page  report<\/a><\/strong>, entitled &quot;Experiments in Torture: Human Subject Research  and Evidence of Experimentation in the &#8216;Enhanced&#8217; Interrogation  Program.&quot; &quot;Such acts  may be seen as the conduct of research and  experimentation by health  professionals on prisoners, which could  violate accepted standards of  medical ethics, as well as domestic and  international law. These  practices could, in some cases, constitute war  crimes and crimes against  humanity.&quot;<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" class=\"rteleft\">The report is based on extensive research of  previously declassified government documents that shows the crucial role  medical personnel played in  establishing and justifying the legality  of the Bush administration&#8217;s torture program. Many of the details  contained in the document has already been painstakingly  documented by  Marcy Wheeler at her blog <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/emptywheel.firedoglake.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Emptywheel<\/a><\/strong>,  and Truthout&#8217;s own <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/pubrecord.org\/torture\/5558\/smoking-torture-conspiracy-human\/\" target=\"_blank\">Jeffrey Kaye<\/a><\/strong> on his blog <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/valtinsblog.blogspot.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Invictus<\/a><\/strong>  and  in articles published on this web site and at <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.firedoglake.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Firedoglake<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" class=\"rteleft\">Written by medical and psychological experts, some of  who have worked with victims of torture, <strong><font color=\"#200020\">the report said the research  and experimentation on detainees violate medical professional standards,  the Geneva Conventions on treatment of detainees, and international law  based on the Nuremberg principles that were embraced by the civilized  world after it was revealed that the Nazis engaged in medical atrocities  on prisoners during World War II. &ldquo;The essence of the ethical and legal protections for  human subjects is that the subjects, especially vulnerable populations  such as prisoners, must be treated with the dignity befitting human  beings and not simply as experimental guinea pigs,&rdquo; the PHR report said.<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" class=\"rteleft\">Frank Donaghue, PHR&#8217;s chief executive officer, said <strong><font color=\"#200020\"> the report appears to demonstrate that the CIA violated &quot;all accepted  legal and ethical standards put in place since the Second World War to  protect prisoners from being the subjects of experimentation&quot;&#8230;<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<div align=\"center\"><strong><a title=\"Site: Emptywheel\" href=\"http:\/\/emptywheel.firedoglake.com\/2010\/06\/07\/allowing-human-experimentation-under-the-war-crimes-act\/\" target=\"_blank\">Allowing Human Experimentation under the War  Crimes Act<\/a><\/strong><br \/>   By <strong><font color=\"#0066cc\">emptywheel<\/font><\/strong><br \/>    June 7, 2010 <\/div>\n<p><em>I felt like they were  experimenting and trying out techniques to  be used later on other  people. &mdash; <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nybooks.com\/icrc-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Abu Zubaydah to the Red  Cross<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"70\" hspace=\"4\" height=\"85\" border=\"1\" align=\"right\" src=\"http:\/\/t1.gstatic.com\/images?q=tbn:q2Ths-K3zDJlUM:http:\/\/gobnf.org\/i\/mtb\/marcy_wheeler2.jpg\" \/>Physicians  for Human Rights just released a <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/phrtorturepapers.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">report<\/a><\/strong>  documenting what <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/pubrecord.org\/torture\/5558\/smoking-torture-conspiracy-human\/\" target=\"_blank\">Jeff  Kaye<\/a><\/strong> and more recently <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.truthout.org\/torture-diaries-drawings-and-special-prosecutor58108\" target=\"_blank\">Jason  Leopold<\/a><\/strong> have been discussing for years:  America&rsquo;s  torturers were conducting a kind of human experimentation on  the  earliest detainees. PHR is calling on Attorney General Holder to   investigate whether CIA&rsquo;s medical personnel committed the war crime of   human experimentation.<\/p>\n<div align=\"justify\">Most of the contents of the report will be   familiar to readers of this blog. I find the following detail the most   interesting new observation.<\/div>\n<ul>\n<div align=\"justify\"> As part  of the 2006 Military Commissions Act, the  WCA was amended to delineate  the specific violations of Common Article  3 that would be punishable.  Among those violations is &ldquo;performing  biological experiments.&rdquo; The  amended language prohibits:<\/div>\n<ol>\n<div align=\"justify\"><strong><font color=\"#200020\">The act of  a person  who subjects, or conspires or attempts to subject, one or more  persons  within his custody or physical control to biological  experiments  without <u>a legitimate medical or dental purpose<\/u> and in so  doing  endangers the body or health of such person or persons.<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<\/ol>\n<div align=\"justify\">While  this language maintains the existing  prohibition on biological  experiments contained in the previous version  of the WCA, the effect of  this amendment appears to weaken the  prohibition by moving away from the  type of strict language found in  the Geneva Conventions [Third Geneva  Convention, Article 13], which  states:<\/div>\n<ol>\n<div align=\"justify\"><strong><font color=\"#200020\">No  prisoner of war  may be subjected to physical mutilation or to medical  or scientific  experiments of any kind which are not justified by the  medical, dental,  or hospital treatment of the prisoner concerned and  carried out in his  interest.<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<\/ol>\n<div align=\"justify\">The new language of the WCA added two   qualifications that appear to have lowered the bar on biological   experimentation on prisoners. That language requires that the experiment   have a &ldquo;legitimate&rdquo; purpose, but does not require that it be carried   out in the interest of the subject. It also adds the requirement that   the experiment not &ldquo;endanger&rdquo; the subject, which appears to raise the   threshold for what will be considered illegal biological   experimentation.<\/div>\n<\/ul>\n<div align=\"justify\">That is, one of the things the  Bush Administration  did with the Military Commissions Act was  retroactively change the law  on human experimentation such that  experimentation no longer needed to  have a <strong><font color=\"#200020\">personal<\/font><\/strong>  benefit  to the research subject, and could instead be justified because  of a  &ldquo;legitimate&rdquo; interest. You know, like the &ldquo;legitimate&rdquo;  interest of  knowing how long a human could be subject to sleep  deprivation before  they started hallucinating? Which suggests to  me that someone in  government recognized the risk CIA&rsquo;s torturers faced.<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The slow emergence of our understanding about the Torture Program has been excruciating, particularly with respect to the now legendary Abu Zubaydah. He was captured on March 28th, 2002, almost a year before we invaded Iraq. When we first learned about him specifically, we didn&#8217;t know that stories about him were the ones we&#8217;d been [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4161","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4161"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4161\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4161"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4161"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4161"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}