{"id":4491,"date":"2010-11-14T21:26:27","date_gmt":"2010-11-15T01:26:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/?p=4491"},"modified":"2010-11-15T01:53:14","modified_gmt":"2010-11-15T05:53:14","slug":"sore-losers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2010\/11\/14\/sore-losers\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;trickle up&#8221; economics&#8230;&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong><font color=\"#990000\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"90\" vspace=\"5\" hspace=\"4\" border=\"1\" align=\"right\" src=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/images\/tax-13.gif\" \/><em>This is a long post, so I&#8217;ll put the conclusion first and let you decide if you want to see how I got here or not. It comes from wondering how the Republican Administrations can be so cavalier about finances &#8211; running up the National Debt, borrowing money from China, supporting programs that lead us into a Recession. I refuse to believe they are just dumb. And they seem so unrepentant when it happens. Then I heard George W. Bush answer the question, &quot;Do you have any regrets?&quot; He answered, &quot;Yes, that I wasn&#8217;t able to privatize Social Security.&quot;<\/em><\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><em><strong><font color=\"#990000\">So I&#8217;ve been looking over the history, and what I think is that their fiscal irresponsibility has a point. I think they&#8217;re actively trying to put us in a financial pinch that means we have to jettison Social Security and Medicare. More than that, they are systematically trying [successfully] to undo <u>all<\/u> of the programs and reforms of the New Deal &#8211; FDR&#8217;s reforms from almost 80 years ago. They never got over it!<\/font><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><em><strong><font color=\"#990000\">I don&#8217;t think this is a paranoid fantasy of mine. I think it is an active agenda of theirs&#8230;<\/font><\/strong><\/em>   <\/p>\n<hr size=\"1\" \/>\n<p align=\"center\"><u><strong><font color=\"#200020\">REGULATION<\/font><\/strong><\/u><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Several decades before the 1929 Stock Market Crash, there was a harbinger of things to come &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bucket_shop_%28stock_market%29\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><font color=\"#300030\">the Panic of 1907<\/font><\/strong><\/a>. That run on the Banks was aborted by financier, <strong>J.P.Morgan<\/strong>, and resulted in the formation of the <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_Reserve_System\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><font color=\"#300030\">Federal Reserve Bank<\/font><\/strong><\/a> and the closing of the <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bucket_shop_%28stock_market%29\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><font color=\"#300030\">Bucket Shops<\/font><\/strong><\/a>:               <\/p>\n<table width=\"95%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"2\" border=\"0\" align=\"center\">\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div align=\"justify\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2008\/12\/01\/2653\/\"><u><strong><font color=\"#300030\">Bucket Shops<\/font><\/strong><\/u><\/a>:<\/div>\n<div align=\"justify\">\n<ul><sup>At the end of the 19th century, there were places called Bucket Shops that looked like the Stock Exchange, with Stock boards or ticker tape machines, but they were really Casinos. You could bet on the performance of a Stock, or an Index &#8211; almost anything. While nothing of real value was traded, lots of money was lost nonetheless. Wild speculation in these Bucket Shops contributed to a Panic and Stock Market Crash in 1907, the one that resulted in the formation of the Federal Reserve Bank. States began campaigns to to ban them, and they were finally made illegal in 1920. Public participation in the Bucket Shops antedated the popularity of the Stock Market during the Roaring Twenties.<\/sup><\/ul>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p align=\"justify\">Then after the &quot;roarin&#8217; twenties&quot; came the main event &#8211; the <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><font color=\"#300030\">Stock Market collapse in 1929<\/font><\/strong><\/a>. The economic regulations ultimately enacted to deal with the <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Depression\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><font color=\"#300030\">Great Depression<\/font><\/strong><\/a> that followed were elegantly simple:<\/p>\n<table width=\"95%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"2\" border=\"0\" align=\"center\">\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div align=\"justify\"><u><strong><font color=\"#300030\">Banking Regulations<\/font><\/strong><\/u>: Congress passed the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Glass-Steagall_Act\"><strong><font color=\"#300030\">Glass-Stegall Act<\/font><\/strong><\/a>. This reform legislation had two parts:<\/div>\n<ul>\n<div align=\"justify\">&bull;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_Deposit_Insurance_Corporation\"><strong><font color=\"#300030\">The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation<\/font><\/strong><\/a> [<strong><font color=\"#300030\">FDIC<\/font><\/strong>]:<\/div>\n<div align=\"justify\"><sup>In order to put a stop to the destructive runs on Banks, the Federal Government got into the Insurance business, insuring Savings Accounts for up to $100,000 in case of Bank failure.<\/sup><\/div>\n<div align=\"justify\">&bull;<strong><font color=\"#300030\">The Separation and Regulation of Commercial and Investment Banks<\/font><\/strong>:<\/div>\n<div align=\"justify\"><sup>This is the part known as regulation. Hearings disclosed obvious conflicts of interest when Banks invest money from their vast holdings in Savings Accounts. So, the Bill imposed strong restrictions on investing by these banks [Commercial Banks]. Likewise, the behavior of Banks that were involved in investing were also heavily regulated. The design here was clear, In the boom before the Crash, Banks had loaned money to people to put in the Market and had invested their assets as well. Glass-Stegall imposed restrictions to stop speculators from using other people&#8217;s money. Bank size [merger] was also regulated.<\/sup><\/div>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div align=\"justify\"><u><strong><font color=\"#300030\">Stock Market Regulation<\/font><\/strong><\/u>: A series of Legislative acts culminated in the formation of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission\"><strong><font color=\"#300030\">Securities and Exchange Commission<\/font><\/strong><\/a> [<strong><font color=\"#300030\">SEC<\/font><\/strong>] in 1934, enforcing regulation of several areas:<\/div>\n<ul>\n<div align=\"justify\">&bull;<strong><font color=\"#300030\">Securities<\/font><\/strong>:<\/div>\n<div><sup> The Securities Act required any Company that registered a Stock that would be traded across State Lines file an accurate description of its activities and finances on a quarterly basis. There were stiff penalties imposed for fraudulent reporting or accounting. These reports were publicly available [now on the Internet] to allow investors insight into the Companies they were investing in.<\/sup><\/div>\n<div align=\"justify\">&bull;<strong><font color=\"#300030\">Stock Exchanges<\/font><\/strong>:<\/div>\n<div><sup> The SEC was also charged with regulating the Exchanges where Stocks were traded and policing the various New Deal Acts designed to prevent fraudulent trading practices eg insider trading.<\/sup><\/div>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div align=\"justify\"><u><strong><font color=\"#300030\">Commodity Regulation<\/font><\/strong><\/u>: The <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Commodity_Exchange_Act_of_1936&#038;action=edit&#038;redlink=1\" target=\"_blank\"><font color=\"#300030\">Commodity Exchange Act<\/font><\/a><\/strong><font color=\"#300030\"><strong> <\/strong><\/font>of 1936 established a similar regulatory agency for Commodity Futures, the Commodity Exchange Authority, which became the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Commodity_Futures_Trading_Commission\"><strong><font color=\"#300030\">Commodity Futures Trading Commission<\/font><\/strong><\/a> [<strong><font color=\"#300030\">CFTC<\/font><\/strong>] in 1974.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p align=\"center\"><u><strong><font color=\"#200020\">TAXATION<\/font><\/strong><\/u><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" hspace=\"4\" height=\"300\" border=\"0\" align=\"left\" src=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/images\/tax-2.gif\" \/>Over the period from FDR&#8217;s election to World War II, FDR&#8217;s Administration inflicted some serious hurt on the super wealthy in America. By the start of the War, the super-wealthy were turning 90% of their income over to the government up front [the graph on the left is adjusted to 2008 dollars using the GDP]. <img decoding=\"async\" hspace=\"4\" height=\"300\" border=\"0\" align=\"right\" src=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/images\/tax-3.gif\" \/>That level of wartime taxation persisted through the Eisenhower years as the Wartime Debt was repaid [oh yeah, Korean War too]. The tax burden was finally relaxed somewhat under Johnson in 1965 when he set a 70% ceiling on Income Taxes. The next 15 years of the Income tax history is shown in the graph on the right. Note that after the ceiling on the taxation of the super-wealthy was relaxed, the taxation of the moderately wealthy [&gt;$400,000\/year] began to creep upwards. That was the era of yet another expensive War in Viet Nam. There were additionally two major Social Welfare programs in the mix by this time &#8211; FDR&#8217;s Social Security program and Johnson&#8217;s Medicare program.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><u><strong><font color=\"#200020\">ECONOMY<\/font><\/strong><\/u><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" border=\"0\" src=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/images\/tax-4.gif\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" border=\"0\" align=\"left\" src=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/images\/tax-5.gif\" \/>By the end of President Carter&#8217;s term, we had paid down the debt from our wars and our spending was level [compared to our production] &#8211; though domestic spending had risen significantly. The country had been through the Cold War, the Civil Rights Movement[s], a Presidential assassination, several significant Recessions, the tumultuous nineteen-sixties, the war in Viet Nam, Watergate &#8211; a lot of really big things. The structural problem in the economy of the hour was escalating <strong><font color=\"#990033\">Inflation<\/font><\/strong>. There was an additional&nbsp; problem that felt huge at the time &#8211; the oil embargo. The Great Depression and World War II seemed like a piece of the past &#8211; a mythical slice of history that was important, to the journey but not really relevant to the immediate news of the day. I doubt that many Americans really thought that there were lingering issues from those dark times still on the front burner. At least I sure didn&#8217;t.<\/p>\n<hr size=\"1\" \/>\n<p align=\"center\"><u><strong><font color=\"#200020\">THE GATHERING STORM <\/font><\/strong><\/u>       <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">It wasn&#8217;t any different back then &#8211; in the thirties and forties. In spite of the depth of the Great Depression, the anti-New Deal outcry was plenty loud, prompting FDR to say, &quot;<strong><font color=\"#990000\">I welcome their hate.<\/font><\/strong>&quot; And they never stopped hating him. Many of the longtime right-wing political organizations trace their roots to anti-FDR, anti-New Deal sentiment [eg the <strong>American Enterprise Institute<\/strong> founded by  <strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lewis_H._Brown\" title=\"Lewis H. Brown\">Lewis H. Brown<\/a><\/strong> of the <strong>Johns-Manville Corporation<\/strong> &#8211; the asbestos company].            <\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" height=\"229\" border=\"1\" src=\"http:\/\/www.examiner.com\/images\/blog\/wysiwyg\/image\/cartoon1%281%29.jpg\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" height=\"229\" border=\"1\" src=\"http:\/\/www.examiner.com\/images\/blog\/wysiwyg\/image\/cartoon2.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">The opposition to the New Deal was so strong that FDR backed off in his second term, precipitating a recession in 1937 with 18% Unemployment. And in spite of FDR&#8217;s long reign and beloved status, the other side never stopped calling him a Socialist, a Communist, a big spender, and never accepted the regulation of the economy or his graduated taxation. Likewise, they have continued opposing Social Security, then later Medicare, and now Healthcare as Socialist Welfare policies to be dispensed with whenever possible. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Personally, I feel like kind of an idiot for not knowing how powerful those persisting anti-FDR feelings were &#8211; or at least whatever FR represented. I guess I just assumed that regulation of the Stock Markets and Banks, Social Security, and Medicare had become part of the fabric of our government. That wasn&#8217;t right. There remained a whole strand of sentiment in the business community that was basically just waiting for a chance to undo all of those programs. They essentially saw government&nbsp; regulation and these programs for the elderly as taking away their money, and they wanted it back. They were interfering with their ability to to do business instead of protection. I just didn&#8217;t realize how strong those feelings were. Since 1980, they&#8217;ve been <strong><font color=\"#200020\">deconstructing the New Deal<\/font><\/strong>, bit by bit&#8230; <\/p>\n<hr size=\"1\" \/>\n<p align=\"center\"><u><strong><font color=\"#200020\">DEREGULATION<\/font><\/strong><\/u><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">When <strong>Ronald Reagan<\/strong> was elected President, he immediately set about undoing the programs from FDR&#8217;s New Deal. He called it &quot;trickle down&quot; economics. His opponent in the Primaries, <strong>George H.W. Bush<\/strong> called it &quot;voodoo economics.&quot; I called it &quot;tinkle on economics&quot; [because that&#8217;s how it felt]. I never even understood what he was talking about, and it doesn&#8217;t matter because whatever he said would happen didn&#8217;t, so it didn&#8217;t matter anyway. Reagan and the Republicans began a program of deregulation immediately that continued for 28 years [through the second Bush Administration]: <\/p>\n<table width=\"95%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"2\" border=\"0\" align=\"center\">\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div align=\"justify\"> <u><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Depository_Institutions_Deregulation_and_Monetary_Control_Act\" target=\"_blank\"><font color=\"#300030\">Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act<\/font><\/a><\/strong><\/u>  of 1980: This legislation expanded the Federal Reserve&rsquo;s rules to all  Banks, and raised the level of FDIC coverage from $40,000 to $100,000.  But it also began the Derugulation of Banking Institutions and the  erosion of the <strong>Glass-Stegall Act<\/strong>:<\/div>\n<ul>\n<div align=\"justify\"><sup>&bull; Banks were allowed to merge.<\/sup><\/div>\n<div align=\"justify\"><sup>&bull; It removed the power of the Federal Reserve to set the interest rates of savings accounts.<\/sup><\/div>\n<div align=\"justify\"><sup>&bull; It allowed credit unions and savings and loans to offer checkable accounts.<\/sup><\/div>\n<div align=\"justify\"><sup>&bull; Allowed institutions to charge any interest rates they choose.<\/sup><\/div>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div><u><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Garn_-_St_Germain_Depository_Institutions_Act\" target=\"_blank\"><font color=\"#300030\">Garn-St. Germain Depository Institutions Act<\/font><\/a><\/strong><\/u> of 1982: This Bill was passed to deregulate the <strong>Savings and Loans Industry<\/strong>. From the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fdic.gov\/bank\/historical\/s&#038;l\/\"><strong>FDIC history<\/strong><\/a>:<\/div>\n<ul>\n<div align=\"justify\"><sup> &quot;<font>This Reagan Administration initiative is designed to  complete the process of giving expanded powers to federally chartered  S&amp;Ls and enables them to diversify their activities with the view of  increasing profits. Major provisions include: elimination of deposit  interest rate ceilings; elimination of the previous statutory limit on  loan to value ratio; and expansion of the asset powers of federal  S&amp;Ls by permitting up to 40% of assets in commercial mortgages, up  to 30% of assets in consumer loans, up to 10% of assets in commercial  loans, and up to 10% of assets in commercial leases.&quot; <\/font><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p align=\"justify\">The net result of this legislation was a frenzy of corruption and mismanagement that lead to the <strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Savings_and_loan_crisis\">Savings and Loans Crisis<\/a><\/strong>. Ultimately, 747 S&amp;L&#8217;s failed. The cost to the taxpayers was $106 billion. It essentially lead to the 1990-1991 Recession. I suspect that it also lead to Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan&#8217;s mismanagement of the Fed Interest Rates that fueled the much larger <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Subprime_mortgage_crisis\"><strong>Subprime Mortgage Crisis<\/strong><\/a> [<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2010\/11\/11\/the-why-of-alan-greenspans-destruction-of-our-economy\">the <em>Why<\/em> of Alan Greenspan&rsquo;s destruction of our economy&hellip;<\/a><\/strong>] and the $1 trillion bailout of the &quot;<strong>Banks too big to fail<\/strong>.&quot; But there was another piece of deregulation that contributed to this second collapse.      <\/p>\n<table width=\"95%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"2\" border=\"0\" align=\"center\">\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div align=\"justify\"><u><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/wp-admin\/..\/index.php\/2008\/12\/30\/a-bronze-statue-in-the-washington-mall\/\"><font color=\"#200020\">OTC Derivatives<\/font><\/a><\/strong><\/u> in 1996:<\/div>\n<ul>\n<div align=\"justify\"><sup><a href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2008\/12\/30\/a-bronze-statue-in-the-washington-mall\"><\/a> &#8230; during the Administration of George H.W. Bush, Wendy Gramm, a Ph.D. Economist and wife of Senator Phil Gramm was <font color=\"#300030\"><strong>Chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission<\/strong><\/font>. The not-yet-notorious <font color=\"#300030\"><strong>Enron Corporation<\/strong><\/font>  was lobbying to be exempted from regulation in its trading of Energy  Derivatives. In 1993 as her last act before leaving, she granted the  exception. She left the CFTC, and [went on the Board of <font color=\"#300030\"><strong>Enron<\/strong><\/font>]. She was followed at the CFTC in 1994 by Mary Schapiro who moved on to become President of NASD. So Brooksley Born became <font color=\"#300030\"><strong>Chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission<\/strong><\/font>  a couple of years after Wendy Gramm&#8217;s exception. By 1998, that  exception had grown into a gajillion dollar, unregulated Derivatives  Market. In May of 1998, Born published a &quot;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cftc.gov\/opa\/press98\/opamntn.htm\" target=\"_blank\"><font color=\"#300030\"><strong>concept release<\/strong><\/font><\/a>&quot;  asking for input about whether and how to regulate this expanding  Derivatives Market [the &quot;dark&quot; Market]. This idea was immediately  opposed by <font color=\"#300030\"><strong>Federal Reserve Chairman<\/strong><\/font> <font color=\"#300030\"><strong>Alan Greenspan<\/strong><\/font>,&nbsp;<font color=\"#300030\"><strong>Treasury Secretary<\/strong><\/font><strong> <font color=\"#300030\">Robert E. Rubin<\/font><\/strong> and <font color=\"#300030\"><strong>Securities and Exchange Commission Chairman Arthur Levitt Jr<\/strong><\/font>. Then when <strong>Long Term Capital Management<\/strong>,  a Hedge Fund heavily into Derivative Trading collapsed, she escalated  her concerns about this unregulated Market in Derivatives. Her opponents  responded by getting Congress to declare a 6 month moratorium on  regulating Derivatives. After multiple meetings and some seventeen  Congressional appearances, she gave up and left her post in June 1999.  In November, the President&#8217;s Working Group on the Economy [<font color=\"#300030\"><strong>Treasury Secretary Lawrence H. Summers<\/strong><\/font>, <font color=\"#300030\"><strong>Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan<\/strong><\/font>, <font color=\"#300030\"><strong>Securities and Exchange Commission Chairman Arthur Levitt Jr<\/strong><\/font>., and the new <font color=\"#300030\"><strong>Chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission Arthur Levitt William J. Rainer<\/strong><\/font>] issued a report, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ustreas.gov\/press\/releases\/reports\/otcact.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><font color=\"#300030\"><strong>Over-the-Counter Derivatives Markets and the Commodity Exchange Act<\/strong><\/font><\/a>, unanimously recommending that these Derivative Markets continue unregulated.<\/sup><\/div>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div><u><strong><font color=\"#300030\">Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act<\/font><\/strong><\/u> of 1999:<\/div>\n<div align=\"justify\">The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act &hellip; is an  Act of the United States Congress which repealed part of the  Glass-Steagall Act of 1933, opening up competition among banks,  securities companies and insurance companies. The Glass-Steagall Act  prohibited a bank from offering investment, commercial banking, and  insurance services.<\/div>\n<ul>\n<div align=\"justify\"><sup>The <em>Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act<\/em> <em>[GLBA]<\/em>  allowed commercial and investment banks to consolidate. For example,  Citibank merged with Travelers Group, an insurance company, and in 1998  formed the conglomerate Citigroup, a corporation combining banking and  insurance underwriting services under brands including Smith-Barney,  Shearson, Primerica and Travelers Insurance Corporation. This  combination, announced in 1993 and finalized in 1994, would have  violated the Glass-Steagall Act and the Bank Holding Company Act by  combining insurance and securities companies, if not for a temporary  waiver process. The law was passed to legalize these mergers on a  permanent basis. Historically, the combined industry has been known as  the financial services industry.<\/sup><\/div>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div align=\"justify\"><u><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Commodity_Futures_Modernization_Act_of_2000\" target=\"_blank\"><font color=\"#300030\">Commodity Futures Modernization Act<\/font><\/a><\/strong><\/u> of 2000: This Bill by Texas Senator Phil Gramm was the <strong>Hurricane Katrina<\/strong> of deregulation:<\/div>\n<ul>\n<div align=\"justify\"><sup>The <strong>Commodity Futures Modernization Act of 2000<\/strong>  &hellip; is United States federal legislation which repealed the Shad-Johnson  jurisdictional accord, which had banned single-stock futures in 1982.  The legislation also provided certainty that products offered by banking  institutions would not be regulated as futures contracts. This act was incorporated by reference into H.R.  4577, an omnibus spending bill. It was passed by the 106th United  States Congress and signed by President Bill Clinton on December 21,  2000&hellip;<\/sup><\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\"><sup>The act has been cited as a public-policy  decision significantly contributing to Enron&rsquo;s bankruptcy in 2001 and  the much broader liquidity crisis of September 2008 that led to the  bankruptcy filing of Lehman Brothers and emergency Federal Reserve Bank  loans to American International Groupand to the creation of the U.S.  Emergency Economic Stabilization fund. The &quot;Commodity Futures Modernization Act of  2000&quot; was introduced in the House on Dec. 14, 2000 &hellip; and never debated  in the House. The companion bill was introduced in the Senate on Dec.  15th, 2000 [The last day before Christmas holiday] &hellip; and never debated  in the Senate.<\/sup><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><sup>Given the above-stated chronology, it would  appear that the House and Senate versions of the bill were introduced  just prior to the Christmas holiday in December of 2000, following  George W Bush&rsquo;s election [in November of 2000], while  then-President Clinton was serving out his final days as President. The  bill was never debated by the House or Senate. The bill by-passed the  substantive policy committees in both the House and the Senate so that  there were neither hearings nor opportunities for recorded committee  votes. In substance, it appears that the leadership of the  Republican-controlled Senate and House incorporated the deregulation of  credit default swaps into an omnibus budget bill at a time when the  outgoing president was in no position to veto anything. The following  article suggests that Bill Clinton and Alan Greenspan endorsed this law <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/stories\/2008\/10\/26\/60minutes\/main4546199.shtml\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>The Bet That Blew Up Wall Street<\/strong><\/a> though Clinton&rsquo;s position in 2000 is only suggested, not confirmed or made clear in the report&hellip;<\/sup><\/p>\n<div align=\"justify\"><sup>The Commodity Futures Modernization Act of  2000 has received criticism for the so-called &quot;Enron loophole,&quot; which  exempts most over-the-counter energy trades and trading on electronic  energy commodity markets. The &quot;loophole&quot; was drafted by lobbyists for  Enron working with senator Phil Gramm seeking a deregulated atmosphere  for their new experiment, &quot;Enron On-line.&quot;<\/sup><\/div>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p align=\"justify\">I&#8217;ll not detail the pieces of the problem with <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Derivative_%28finance%29\"><strong>OTC Derivatives<\/strong><\/a>. Everyone knows about how the financial casino of this market created and magnified the <strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Subprime_mortgage_crisis\"><strong>Subprime Mortgage Crisis<\/strong><\/a><\/strong> that lead us to the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Recession\"><strong>Great Recession<\/strong><\/a>. The <strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2008\/12\/01\/2653\/\"><font color=\"#300030\">Bucket Shops<\/font><\/a><\/strong> returned a hundred years later with a new name.      <\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><u><strong><font color=\"#200020\">TAX CUTS<\/font><\/strong><\/u><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">The Reagan Tax Cuts came within a year of his election. He first dropped the ceiling from 70% down to 50% where it stayed from 1982 until 1986. Then it dropped to 38%, and finally to 28% in his last year in office:<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" height=\"275\" border=\"0\" src=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/images\/tax-7.gif\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"201\" height=\"275\" border=\"0\" src=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/images\/tax-6.gif\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">It doesn&#8217;t take an accountant to figure out what happened when he decreased our revenue, particularly since he actually <u>increased<\/u> spending &#8211; the National Debt soared.       <\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" border=\"0\" src=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/images\/tax-10.gif\" \/>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Since Reagan, Presidents have gone back and forth over fairly small differences in the tax rates. <strong><font color=\"#200020\">To me, the Republicans seem to be determined to keep taxation below the amount it would take to balance the budget<\/font><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">&nbsp;<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" border=\"0\" src=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/images\/tax-11.gif\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><u><strong><font color=\"#200020\">ECONOMY<\/font><\/strong><\/u><strong> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Recession\"><font color=\"#200020\">[The Great Recession]<\/font><\/a><\/strong> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">As far as the economy is concerned, the Reagan &quot;Revolution&quot; gets mixed reviews depending on who is telling the story. The <strong><font color=\"#000066\">National Debt<\/font><\/strong> has risen from 32% of the GDP to approximately 90% largely through his deregulation and tax cuts. <strong><font color=\"#ff6600\">Unemployment<\/font><\/strong> is at near 10% and stuck. The building industry in on sabbatical. He did solve the <font color=\"#990066\"><strong>Inflation<\/strong><\/font> problem but we seem to be drifting the other way now [deflation &#8211; much more ominous]. Only the <strong><font color=\"#990000\">Stock Market<\/font><\/strong> and the bank accounts of the very rich have benefited [<em>is that &quot;trickle up&quot; economics?<\/em>].     <\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">&nbsp;<img decoding=\"async\" border=\"0\" src=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/images\/tax-12.gif\" \/><\/p>\n<hr size=\"1\" \/>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong><em><font color=\"#990000\">When I listen to the modern Republicans talk, they make no sense. Now they&#8217;re raving about paying down the Debt [they ran up], cutting taxes and spending [cutting spending is the opposite of what they&#8217;ve done], complaining about &quot;welfare&quot; programs, fighting to hold on to the &quot;deregulation&quot; that buried us, etc. It&#8217;s as if the only point of government is undoing the &quot;New Deal&quot; from so long ago. And they&#8217;ve done a lot of it already. Now they&#8217;re actively trying to put us in a financial pinch that means we have to jettison Social Security and Medicare. It might as well be 1928. Man, are they sore losers or what?&#8230;<\/font><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<div align=\"justify\"><strong><em><font color=\"#990000\">I suppose that a less paranoid way to say this would&#8217;ve been that they don&#8217;t care about the fiscal integrity of our government because they don&#8217;t want the programs it supports to survive. But why bother to go the softer route? The net result is the same&#8230;<\/font><\/em><\/strong><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This is a long post, so I&#8217;ll put the conclusion first and let you decide if you want to see how I got here or not. It comes from wondering how the Republican Administrations can be so cavalier about finances &#8211; running up the National Debt, borrowing money from China, supporting programs that lead us [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4491","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4491"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4491\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}