{"id":65575,"date":"2016-05-17T11:58:42","date_gmt":"2016-05-17T15:58:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/?p=65575"},"modified":"2016-05-17T12:21:02","modified_gmt":"2016-05-17T16:21:02","slug":"a-mighty-hard-row","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2016\/05\/17\/a-mighty-hard-row\/","title":{"rendered":"a mighty hard row&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<div align=\"justify\"><sup><i><font color=\"#200020\">&#8220;&#8230;it has become standard practice for pharmaceutical companies to pay medical communication companies to write articles [based on industry-designed studies], for academic physicians to be paid to essentially sign off on the articles, and then for communication companies to place the articles in prestigious medical journals, a process known as &#8220;ghost management.&#8221; Ghost management has resulted in the selective and imbalanced reporting of clinical trial data in medical journals, which in turn has supported the marketing of expensive new drugs with questionable risk\/benefit profiles.&#8221;<\/font><\/i><\/sup><\/div>\n<p align=\"right\"><sup><i><font color=\"#200020\"><a mce_real_href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26890488\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26890488\">Under the Influence: The Interplay among Industry, Publishing, and Drug Regulation.<\/a><br \/>                     by Cosgrove, Vannoy, Mintzes, and Shaughnessy<\/font><\/i><\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">Looking at the twelve year old <a mce_real_href=\"http:\/\/ajp.psychiatryonline.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.6.1079\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/ajp.psychiatryonline.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.6.1079\">Citalopram in Adolescence Study<\/a>, the <a mce_real_href=\"http:\/\/content.iospress.com\/articles\/international-journal-of-risk-and-safety-in-medicine\/jrs717\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/content.iospress.com\/articles\/international-journal-of-risk-and-safety-in-medicine\/jrs717\">recent deconstruction<\/a>, and the problems they had <a mce_real_href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/background-notes\/\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/background-notes\/\">getting it published<\/a> reminded me of another more contemporary article that I had wanted to return to. It was about the RCTs used to gain FDA Approval for Vortioxetine. I mentioned it earlier [see <a mce_real_href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2016\/04\/03\/a-couple-of-points\/\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2016\/04\/03\/a-couple-of-points\/\" target=\"_blank\">a couple of points\u2026<\/a>], but at the time it was only available as an abstract:<\/div>\n<p class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">As you can see from the opening quote, this article is about a lot more than just the specific papers or even the FDA Approval, it&#8217;s about the perversion of the scientific process in the industry funded RCTs, what the authors call <i><font color=\"#200020\">ghost management<\/font><\/i> [<font color=\"#200020\">AKA total commercial control of the trial process from design and registration through the drafting of the paper for publication<\/font>]. Being reminded of this paper, I recalled that when I first came across it I contacted the authors to get a copy and was told that they too had had a very hard time getting it published. It&#8217;s in a lower impact journal and it&#8217;s not available from the publisher on-line [an expensive proposition unless it&#8217;s part of grant or you&#8217;re involved with a well-heeled corporation]. So I recontacted them to find out if they had written about their publishing problems, and they hadn&#8217;t. But they mentionedf that they were disappointed with the paper&#8217;s reception, as was I. It&#8217;s a really strong and well documented article. Thinking back about our experience with the <a mce_real_href=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/351\/bmj.h4320\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/351\/bmj.h4320\" target=\"_blank\">Paxil Study 329 RIAT article<\/a>, the recent <a mce_real_href=\"http:\/\/content.iospress.com\/articles\/international-journal-of-risk-and-safety-in-medicine\/jrs717\" href=\"http:\/\/content.iospress.com\/articles\/international-journal-of-risk-and-safety-in-medicine\/jrs717\" target=\"_blank\">Citalopram deconstruction article<\/a>, <a mce_real_href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26890488\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26890488\" target=\"_blank\">this Vortioxetine paper<\/a>, the papers about the <a mce_real_href=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/348\/bmj.g2545\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/348\/bmj.g2545\" target=\"_blank\">Tamiflu re-evaluation<\/a>, and countless others, it&#8217;s apparent that there&#8217;s a common theme. So I want to revisit this Vortioxetine article later [I&#8217;ve found a way to get to it on-line], but first, I&#8217;d like to frame the common theme that unites these papers.<\/p>\n<div class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">I&#8217;ve always had kind of a problem with &#8220;ear worms.&#8221; I get some song in my mind that repeats in the background. If I think about it,  usually I can figure out how it got there. I was out and about all day, and there it was &#8211; an old <font color=\"#200020\">Woodie Guthrie<\/font> song called <a mce_real_href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zMvMtIYCPH4\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zMvMtIYCPH4\"><i>Pastures of Plenty<\/i><\/a>:<\/div>\n<ul>\n<div align=\"justify\"><sup><br \/>\n<i><iframe loading=\"lazy\" align=\"right\" width=\"180\" height=\"113\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/zMvMtIYCPH4?rel=0&amp;showinfo=0\" frameborder=\"2\"><\/iframe><font color=\"#200020\">  It&#8217;s a mighty hard row that my poor hands have hoed<br \/>              My poor feet have traveled a hot dusty road<br \/>              Out of your Dust Bowl and Westward we rolled<br \/>              And your deserts were hot and your mountains were cold<br \/>              I worked in your orchards of peaches and prunes<br \/>              I slept on the ground in the light of the moon<br \/>              On the edge of the city you&#8217;ll see us and then<br \/>              We come with the dust and we go with the wind&#8230; <\/font><\/i><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">It had to do with thinking about this Cosgrove et al paper this morning before I set out on my errand-filled day. Okay &#8211; my unconscious might  be overly dramatic, even histrionic, but it&#8217;s on the right track. It is <font color=\"#200020\">a mighty hard row<\/font> and it can be a largely thankless task. We sure paid the piper to get our <a mce_real_href=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/351\/bmj.h4320\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/351\/bmj.h4320\" target=\"_blank\">Paxil Study 329<\/a> paper in print [as did the <a mce_real_href=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/348\/bmj.g2545\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/348\/bmj.g2545\" target=\"_blank\">Tamiflu<\/a> team]. We made it to a big journal and it was well received, but there were years of work by a number of people to bring the paper we reanalyzed to the forefront. Even with that, we were scrutinized like few other [see <a mce_real_href=\"http:\/\/study329.org\/path-to-publication\/\" href=\"http:\/\/study329.org\/path-to-publication\/\" target=\"_blank\">Restoring Study 329: The Path To Publication<\/a>]. <i><font color=\"#200020\">Jureidini et al<\/font><\/i> were able to take advantage of a lot of antecedent legal work producing documentation, but still traveled that same <font color=\"#200020\">mighty hard row [see <\/font><a mce_real_href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/background-notes\/\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/background-notes\/\" target=\"_blank\">background notes<\/a>]. <i><font color=\"#200020\">Cosgrove et al<\/font><\/i> didn&#8217;t have any specific pre-emptory work&nbsp; by others, so they were flying blind.<\/div>\n<p class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">What unites these articles is obvious &#8211; the are <i><font color=\"#200020\">contrarian<\/font><\/i>. They say that somebody else&#8217;s work is <i><font color=\"#200020\">wrong<\/font><\/i>, and in these cases, <i><font color=\"#200020\">wrong on purpose<\/font><\/i>. They use that somebody-else&#8217;s data in reanalysis to reach a different, often opposite conclusion. They make a serious charge, so they deserve careful scrutiny sure enough. But in the case of all four articles, they&#8217;re not, primarily, opinion pieces. They&#8217;re data-based analyses that, by definition, render an opinion, but it&#8217;s an evidence-based opinion rather than speculative. Yet even after being subjected to a rigorous examination far exceeding that applied to the originals, they&#8217;re still hot potatoes. There&#8217;s obviously a fear of reprisal, legal challenges by the powerful sponsors of the originals. And there&#8217;s something else, the authors are under suspicion for having ulterior motives, conflicts of interest. The obvious commercial conflicts of interest in the originals are buried in small print, but the fact that the reanalysis articles are contrarian in and of itself seems grounds for such a charge.         <\/p>\n<div class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">And so to a few of the bumps along the <font color=\"#200020\">mighty hard row<\/font> for the authors of contrarian articles:<\/div>\n<ul><sup><font color=\"#200020\">        <\/p>\n<li>\n<div align=\"justify\"><b><font color=\"#000001\">data collection:<\/font><\/b><br \/>     In each of these cases, just getting hold of the data was itself a daunting task, coming from reluctant sources in formats that made analysis difficult.    <\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div align=\"justify\"><b><font color=\"#000001\">funding:<\/font><\/b><br \/>    This is largely unfunded research. If there is grant support, it&#8217;s often for the investigator without<font color=\"#200020\"> allowance<\/font> for statistical or technical support, indirect costs, or publication expenses.    <\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div align=\"justify\"><b><font color=\"#000001\">heightened standards:<\/font><\/b><br \/>    The burden of proof for contrarian articles is uniformly higher than for the originals. Likewise, requirements for freedom from conflicting interests are more stringent &#8211; more on the side of guilty until proven innocent.    <\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div align=\"justify\"><b><font color=\"#000001\">opinion rather than science:<\/font><\/b><br \/>    Contrarian articles tend to be judged as opinions rather than scientific exploration &#8211; and biased opinion at that.    <\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div align=\"justify\"><b><font color=\"#000001\">accessibility:<\/font><\/b><br \/>    Because they&#8217;re often in lower impact journals and have to rely on charity to be available online, they can get lost in an ivory tower or a dusty corner of the library either never catching the wind, or if they do, having a short hang time.   <\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div align=\"justify\"><b><font color=\"#000001\">seen as deprivation :&nbsp; <\/font><\/b><br \/>    While their intent is health promoting, they can be seen as taking away something.   <\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div align=\"justify\"><b><font color=\"#000001\">no PR:<\/font><\/b><br \/>    They&#8217;re not necessarily picked up by the news media, mentioned on the business pages, or reviewed in the professional trade journals   <\/div>\n<\/li>\n<p>                 <\/font><\/sup><\/ul>\n<p class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">This is hardly a comprehensive list, just something off the cuff. But I think it captures the fact that these are hard articles to write and hard articles to publish. But that&#8217;s just the beginning. Often, getting them into the public and professional discourse is a another uphill climb. And while it&#8217;s tempting to see the difficulties as coming from evil opposing forces, and I&#8217;m certain that complaint is often justified, it&#8217;s also not the whole story. Contrarian literature in science is like that all on its own. We want to hear about breakthroughs, not breakdowns. That&#8217;s just the nature of things.<\/p>\n<div class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">So now onto the skipped-over article by Cosgrove et al&#8230;<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;&#8230;it has become standard practice for pharmaceutical companies to pay medical communication companies to write articles [based on industry-designed studies], for academic physicians to be paid to essentially sign off on the articles, and then for communication companies to place the articles in prestigious medical journals, a process known as &#8220;ghost management.&#8221; Ghost management has [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65575","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-opinion"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65575","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65575"}],"version-history":[{"count":60,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65575\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":65635,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65575\/revisions\/65635"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65575"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=65575"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=65575"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}