{"id":69896,"date":"2017-01-10T17:57:15","date_gmt":"2017-01-10T22:57:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/?p=69896"},"modified":"2017-01-10T23:23:40","modified_gmt":"2017-01-11T04:23:40","slug":"the-bully-pulpit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2017\/01\/10\/the-bully-pulpit\/","title":{"rendered":"the bully pulpit&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<div align=\"justify\"><sup><em><font color=\"#200020\">A<\/font> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&#038;rct=j&#038;q=&#038;esrc=s&#038;source=web&#038;cd=3&#038;cad=rja&#038;uact=8&#038;ved=0ahUKEwjvgeCv6rfRAhXILyYKHY9GDYIQFggkMAI&#038;url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBully_pulpit&#038;usg=AFQjCNG2E06c5l33z0fPb0y4pYu7ryVWSA&#038;sig2=YpRGY6So7rYGok9kwRdQjw\" target=\"_blank\">Bully Pulpit<\/a><font color=\"#200020\"> is a conspicuous position that provides an opportunity to speak out and be listened to. This term was coined by President Theodore Roosevelt, who referred to the White House as a &quot;bully pulpit&quot;, by which he meant a terrific platform from which to advocate an agenda.<\/font><\/em><\/sup><\/div>\n<p>          <\/p>\n<div align=\"justify\"><u><strong><font color=\"#200020\">Flashback<\/font><\/strong><\/u><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">In 1980, <strong><font color=\"#800000\">New England Journal of Medicine<\/font><\/strong> editor <font color=\"#200020\">Arnold Relman <\/font>saw something ominous coming up ahead, and wrote an editorial [<a href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2014\/12\/10\/we-were-warned-2\/\" target=\"_blank\">The new medical-industrial complex<\/a>] warning that there was a threat to the integrity of academic medicine from a growing medical industry. And by 1984, the <strong><font color=\"#800000\">NEJM<\/font><\/strong> instituted a policy against publishing any editorials or review articles by authors with industry Conflicts of Interest. But by 1999 things had changed dramatically, a story I summarized in <a href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2015\/05\/24\/a-narrative\/\">a narrative&hellip;<\/a>. At the time, the new editor, <font color=\"#200020\">Jeffrey Drazen<\/font>, was embroiled in a controversy over his own ties to industry [see <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2000\/05\/12\/us\/new-england-journal-of-medicine-names-third-editor-in-a-year.html\" target=\"_blank\">New England Journal of Medicine Names Third Editor in a Year<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1127366\/\">FDA censures NEJM editor<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/articles.latimes.com\/2000\/jun\/01\/news\/mn-36348\">Medical Journal Editor Vows to Cut Drug Firm Ties<\/a>].<\/div>\n<p>          <\/p>\n<div align=\"justify\"><u><strong><font color=\"#200020\">Flash Forward<\/font><\/strong><\/u><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">In the summer of 2015, Drazen published an editorial suggesting that the <strong><font color=\"#800000\">NEJM<\/font><\/strong> rescind Relman&#8217;s policy and allow experts with COI to write reviews and editorials, introducing a three part series by one of his staff reporters explaining why this was really a good idea:       <\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<ul>\n<div class=\"big\" align=\"center\"><strong><font color=\"#200020\">Revisiting the Commercial&ndash;Academic Interface<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMe1503623\">Revisiting the Commercial&ndash;Academic Interface<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">May 7, 2015 | Jeffrey M. Drazen, M.D.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMMS1502493\">Reconnecting the Dots &mdash; Reinterpreting Industry&ndash;Physician Relations<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">May 7, 2015 | Lisa Rosenbaum, M.D.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMMS1502497\">Understanding Bias &mdash; The Case for Careful Study<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">May 14, 2015 | Lisa Rosenbaum, M.D.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMms1502498\">Beyond Moral Outrage &mdash; Weighing the Trade-Offs of COI Regulation<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">May 21, 2015 | Lisa Rosenbaum, M.D.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">The suggestion was met with a swift flurry of negative responses from some of medicine&#8217;s solidest citizens:<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2015\/05\/26\/richard-lehmans-journal-review-26-may-2015\/\">Richard Lehman&rsquo;s journal review<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">[NEJM 21 May 2015 Vol 372]<\/div>\n<div><strong><font color=\"#0033ff\">British Medical Journal<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">May 20, 2015 | Richard Lehman<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/hcrenewal.blogspot.com\/2015\/05\/say-it-aint-so-logical-fallacies-in.html\">Say It Ain&#8217;t So: Logical Fallacies in Defense of Conflicts of Interest &#8230; in the New England Journal of Medicine? <\/a><\/div>\n<div><strong><font color=\"#0066ff\">Healthcare Renewal<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">May 21, 2015 | Roy Poses, M.D.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/350\/bmj.h2942\">Justifying conflicts of interest in medical journals: a very bad idea<\/a><\/div>\n<div><strong><font color=\"#0033ff\">British Medical Journal<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">June 2, 2015 | Robert Steinbrook, Jerome P Kassirer, and Marcia Angell<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/350\/bmj.h2957\">Revisiting the commercial-academic interface in medical journals <\/a><\/div>\n<div>The New England Journal of Medicine goes on an ill advised journey <\/div>\n<\/li>\n<div><strong><font color=\"#0033ff\">British Medical Journal<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">June 2, 2015 | Elizabeth Loder, Catherine Brizzell, and Fiona Godlee <\/div>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/pdfs\/journals\/lancet\/PIIS0140-6736%2815%2961034-0.pdf\">Offline: The BMJ vs NEJM &mdash; lessons for us all<\/a><\/div>\n<div><strong><font color=\"#200020\">The Lancet<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">June 6, 2015 | Richard Horton<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/350\/bmj.h3176\">Conflict of interest: forward not backward<\/a><\/div>\n<div><strong><font color=\"#0033ff\">British Medical Journal<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">June 11, 2015 | Fiona Godlee<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">And I couldn&#8217;t seem to keep my mouth shut about it either [<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2015\/05\/18\/a-contrarian-frame-of-mind\/\">a contrarian frame of mind&hellip;      <\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2015\/05\/21\/wtf-3\/\">wtf?&hellip;<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2015\/05\/22\/wtf-for-real\/\">wtf? for real&hellip;<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2015\/05\/24\/a-narrative\/\">a narrative&hellip;<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2015\/05\/25\/57179\/\">not so proud&hellip;<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2015\/05\/27\/unserious-arguments-seriously\/\">unserious arguments seriously&hellip;<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2015\/06\/03\/real-editors-speak-out\/\">the real editors speak out&hellip;<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2015\/06\/08\/got-any-thoughts\/\">got any thoughts?&hellip;<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2015\/06\/12\/not-backward\/\">not backward&hellip;<\/a>], mostly amplifying on what the others said. I&#8217;ll have to add that it felt almost personal. The <strong><font color=\"#800000\">New England Journal of Medicine<\/font><\/strong> was my own very first medical subscription ever, and I read it cover-to-cover for years. It was part of my coming of age as a physician, articles embedded in my own scientific and ethical infastructure. And I felt that Jeffrey Drazen was betraying that history. Who was he to do that? Over the year and a half since that series came out, he&#8217;s been on my radar. But the <strong><font color=\"#800000\">New England Journal of Medicine<\/font><\/strong> isn&#8217;t one of the journals I follow regularly, so it only came up when there was a loud blip, like his particularly obnoxious editorial, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMe1516564\">Data Sharing<\/a> &#8211; the one where he warned us about &quot;<em><font color=\"#200020\">data parasites<\/font><\/em>&quot; [see <a href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/2016\/02\/01\/notes-from-a-reluctant-parasite\/\" target=\"_blank\">notes from a reluctant parasite&hellip;<\/a>].     <\/div>\n<p class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">Then, someone sent me a link to this month&#8217;s <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMra1510069?query=featured_clinical-trials\" target=\"_blank\">The Large Pharmaceutical Company Perspective<\/a> about several heroic PHARMA adventures. I noticed it was from a series called <font color=\"#200020\">The Changing Face of Clinical Trials<\/font>, so I ran down the rest of the series and read them all. And then I found some other <font color=\"#200020\"><strong><font color=\"#800000\">NEJM<\/font><\/strong> <\/font>Clinical Trial Offerings offerings in 2016.&nbsp;   <\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<ol>\n<div class=\"big\" align=\"center\"><strong><font color=\"#200020\">The Changing Face of Clinical Trials<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<li>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMe1601510?query=featured_clinical-trials\" target=\"_blank\">Clinical Trials Series<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">June 2, 2016 | J. Woodcock and Others<\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">With this issue, we launch a series of articles that deal with contemporary challenges that affect clinical trialists today. Articles will define a specific issue of interest and illustrate it with examples from actual practice, as well as bring additional history and color to the topic.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMra1510057?query=featured_clinical-trials\" target=\"_blank\">Comparative Effectiveness Studies and Patient Care<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">June 2, 2016 | L.D. Fiore and P.W. Lavori<\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">Investigators use adaptive trial designs to alter basic features of an ongoing trial. This approach obtains the most information possible in an unbiased way while putting the fewest patients at risk. In this review, the authors discuss selected issues in adaptive design.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/wp-admin\/July 7, 2016 | D.L. Bhatt and C. Mehta\" target=\"_blank\">Adaptive Designs for Clinical Trials<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">August 4, 2016 | I. Ford and J. Norrie<\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">Investigators use adaptive trial designs to alter basic features of an ongoing trial. This approach obtains the most information possible in an unbiased way while putting the fewest patients at risk. In this review, the authors discuss selected issues in adaptive design.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMra1510059?query=featured_clinical-trials\" target=\"_blank\">Pragmatic Trials<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">August 4, 2016 | I. Ford and J. Norrie<\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">In pragmatic trials, participants are broadly representative of people who will receive a treatment or diagnostic strategy, and the outcomes affect day-to-day care. The authors review the unique features of pragmatic trials through a wide-ranging series of exemplar trials.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMra1510064?query=featured_clinical-trials\" target=\"_blank\">The Primary Outcome Fails &mdash; What Next?<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">September 1, 2016 | S.J. Pocock and G.W. Stone<\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">When the primary outcome of a clinical trial fails to reach its prespecified end point, can any clinically meaningful information still be derived from it? This review article addresses that question.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMra1601511?query=featured_clinical-trials\" target=\"_blank\">Considerations When the Primary Outcome Is Positive<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">September 8, 2016 | S.J. Pocock and G.W. Stone<\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">When a clinical trial reaches its primary outcome, several issues must be considered before a clinical message is drawn. These issues are reviewed in this article.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMra1510066?query=featured_clinical-trials\" target=\"_blank\">Data Monitoring Committees &mdash; Expect the Unexpected<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">October 6, 2016 | D.L. DeMets and S.S. Ellenberg<\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">Randomized clinical trials require a mechanism to safeguard the enrolled patients from harm that could result from participation. This article reviews the role of data monitoring committees in the performance of randomized clinical trials.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMra1510067?query=featured_clinical-trials\" target=\"_blank\">Lessons from Clinical Trials Involving Hypertension<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">November 3, 2016 | M.A. Pfeffer and J.J.V. McMurray<\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">Ethical issues can arise in the design and conduct of clinical trials. Using the trials that set the stage for our current treatment of hypertension, the authors show how the changing treatment landscape raised ethical problems as these trials were undertaken.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMra1510069?query=featured_clinical-trials\" target=\"_blank\">The Large Pharmaceutical Company Perspective<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">January 5, 2017 | M. Rosenblatt<\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">The former chief medical officer of a large pharmaceutical company addresses the issue of complexity and how it affects the performance of clinical trials.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<div class=\"big\" align=\"center\"><strong><font color=\"#200020\">The Final Rule<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<li>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMsr1611785?query=featured_clinical-trials\" target=\"_blank\">Trial Reporting in ClinicalTrials.gov<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">September 16, 2016 | D.A. Zarin and Others<\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">The final rule for reporting clinical trial results has now been issued by the Department of Health and Human Services. It aims to increase accountability in the clinical research enterprise, making key information available to researchers, funders, and the public.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<div class=\"big\" align=\"center\"><strong><font color=\"#200020\">History of Clinical Trials<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<li>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMms1604593?query=featured_clinical-trials\" target=\"_blank\"> Lessons from the History of RCTs<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\"> June 2, 2016 | L.E. Bothwell and Others<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1605900?query=featured_clinical-trials\" target=\"_blank\">Medicine, Monopoly, and the Premodern State<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">July 14, 2016 | A. Rankin and J. Rivest<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1604635?query=featured_clinical-trials\" target=\"_blank\">Emergence of the RCT<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">August 11, 2016 | L.E. Bothwell and S.H. Podolsky<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><strong><font color=\"#200020\">Clinical Trials, Healthy Controls, and the IRB<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">September 15, 2016 | L. Stark and J.A. Greene<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">When I got down to the next ones about <em><font color=\"#200020\">Data Sharing<\/font><\/em>, I went back even further because I was waking up to something I had kind of forgotten &#8211; a bit of relevant <em><font color=\"#200020\">sleight of hand<\/font><\/em> that should have been on the front burner, but somehow got lost in the shuffle. What I realized was that the series I started this post with, <strong><font color=\"#200020\">Revisiting the Commercial&ndash;Academic Interface<\/font><\/strong>, didn&#8217;t just come out of the blue. It was part of a story that was larger &#8211; one that I&#8217;ll remind us of in the next post. But first here are the articles on <em><font color=\"#200020\">Data Sharing<\/font><\/em>:  <\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<ol>\n<div class=\"big\" align=\"center\"><strong><font color=\"#200020\">Data Sharing<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<li>\n<div><strong><font color=\"#200020\">Collaborative Clinical Trials<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">March 3, 2011&nbsp;|&nbsp;A.J. Moss, C.W.&nbsp;Francis, and&nbsp;D.&nbsp;Ryan<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><strong><font color=\"#200020\">Pragmatic Trials &mdash; Guides to Better Patient Care?<\/font> <\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"small\">May 5, 2011&nbsp;|&nbsp;J.H. Ware and&nbsp;M.B.&nbsp;Hamel<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMsr1203730?query=featured_clinical-trials\">The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">October 4, 2012&nbsp;|&nbsp;R.J. Little and&nbsp;Others<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMhle1309073?query=featured_clinical-trials\">Preparing for Responsible Sharing of Clinical Trial Data<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">October 24, 2013&nbsp;|&nbsp;M.M. Mello and&nbsp;Others<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1411794?query=featured_clinical-trials\">Data Sharing, Year 1 &mdash; Access to Data from Industry-Sponsored Clinical Trials<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">November 27, 2014&nbsp;|&nbsp;B.L. Strom and&nbsp;Others<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1409464?query=featured_clinical-trials\">Transparency and the European Medicines Agency &mdash; Sharing of Clinical Trial Data<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">December 25, 2014&nbsp;|&nbsp;S. Bonini and&nbsp;Others<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMsr1414226?query=featured_clinical-trials\">The Proposed Rule for U.S. Clinical Trial Registration and Results Submission<\/a>                     <\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">January 8, 2015&nbsp;|&nbsp;D.A. Zarin, T.&nbsp;Tse, and&nbsp;J.&nbsp;Sheehan<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1415160?query=featured_clinical-trials\">Sharing Individual Patient Data from Clinical Trials<\/a>                     <\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">January 15, 2015&nbsp;|&nbsp;J.M. Drazen<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><strong><font color=\"#200020\">Adaptive Phase II Trial Design<\/font><\/strong>                     <\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">July 7, 2015&nbsp;|&nbsp;D. Harrington and&nbsp;G.&nbsp;Parmigiani<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1605260?query=featured_clinical-trials\">Sharing Data from Cardiovascular Clinical Trials<\/a>                     <\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">August  4, 2015&nbsp;|&nbsp;The Academic Research Organization Consortium for Continuing  Evaluation of Scientific Studies &mdash; Cardiovascular (ACCESS CV)<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1605654?query=featured_clinical-trials\">Toward Fairness in Data Sharing<\/a>                     <\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">August 4, 2015&nbsp;|&nbsp;The International Consortium of Investigators for Fairness in Trial Data Sharing<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1607342?query=featured_clinical-trials\">The Yale Open Data Access (YODA) Project<\/a>                     <\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">August 4, 2015&nbsp;|&nbsp;H.M. Krumholz and&nbsp;J.&nbsp;Waldstreicher<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMe1516564\">Data Sharing<\/a>                     <\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">January 21, 2016&nbsp;|&nbsp;Dan L. Longo, and Jeffrey M. Drazen<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1607282?query=featured_clinical-trials\">Strengthening Research through Data Sharing<\/a>                     <\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">August 4, 2016&nbsp;|&nbsp;E. Warren<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1608086?query=featured_clinical-trials\">Data Sharing at a Crossroads<\/a>                     <\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">September 22, 2016&nbsp;|&nbsp;F. Rockhold, P.&nbsp;Nisen, and&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Freeman<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1608351?query=featured_clinical-trials\">Incentives for Clinical Trialists to Share Data<\/a>                     <\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">September 22, 2016&nbsp;|&nbsp;B. Lo and&nbsp;D.L.&nbsp;DeMets<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1607591?query=featured_clinical-trials\">Toward a Shared Vision for Cancer Genomic Data<\/a>                     <\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">September 22, 2016&nbsp;|&nbsp;R.L. Grossman and&nbsp;Others<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1610336?query=featured_clinical-trials\">Data Sharing &mdash; Is the Juice Worth the Squeeze?<\/a>                     <\/div>\n<div class=\"small\">October 27, 2016&nbsp;|&nbsp;B.L. Strom and&nbsp;Others<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"small\" align=\"justify\">And so on to the reminder in the next post[s] &#8211; how <em><font color=\"#200020\">Data Transparency <\/font><\/em>got turned into <em><font color=\"#200020\">Data Sharing<\/font><\/em> &#8211; and why I called this <font color=\"#200020\">the bully pulpit&#8230;<\/font><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Bully Pulpit is a conspicuous position that provides an opportunity to speak out and be listened to. This term was coined by President Theodore Roosevelt, who referred to the White House as a &quot;bully pulpit&quot;, by which he meant a terrific platform from which to advocate an agenda. Flashback In 1980, New England Journal [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-69896","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-opinion"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69896","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69896"}],"version-history":[{"count":46,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69896\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":69951,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69896\/revisions\/69951"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69896"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69896"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1boringoldman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69896"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}